Retaining systems with shotcrete are designed to provide economical and rapid solutions for deep excavation applications. In these systems, the soil pressure is balanced by ground nails acting as passive anchors. This retaining method, applicable in cohesive and hard formations, prevents the soil from coming into contact with air by spraying the shotcrete. The shotcrete is applied to surfaces lined with steel mesh reinforcement. Ground nails installed through the shotcrete-coated surface can be designed as either permanent or temporary, depending on the project requirements.
Shotcrete-based ground nail retaining systems are frequently used in relatively shallow temporary deep excavations in urban areas. Additionally, they are preferred as permanent retaining solutions for addressing slope stability problems on highways.
Shotcrete is defined as a mortar mixture consisting of water, aggregate, cement, and optional additives, sprayed onto the desired surface using compressed air.